Artistic Gymnastics is scored by 9 judges. They score live, with no video replay.
The 9 judges are split into 3 panels: 2 determine the Difficulty (D) Score, 6 determine the Execution (E) score, and 2 are there to resolve disagreements.
This video shows how the execution score is calculated. Starting from a 10.0 score, the judges calculate deductions based on flaws in execution. These can be falls, neutral errors like going out of bounds, or stylistic imperfections.
I show some examples from Simone Biles Paris 2024 Olympics routine where she won silver in the event final. Rebeca Andrade of Brazil won gold. On Floor, Simone stepped out of bound twice, getting some deductions. These brought down her execution score, so she did not win despite having the most difficult routine of all contestants.
JP2021.COM - Tokyo Olympics 2020.